1. Russian President Vladimir Putin: Russia has always been a reliable supplier of global natural gas consumers and is ready to help stabilize the global energy market. Gazprom’s exports to Europe in the first nine months of this year are close to an all-time high. After discussions with the previous European Commission, all its practices were aimed at reducing long-term gas contracts and switching to gas exchanges, a policy that now appears to be wrong.

2. Global debt as a share of GDP is expected to reach about 260% by the end of the year, but low interest rates mean solvency will be manageable. Given the policy response during the epidemic, debt accumulation is inevitable. Higher leverage and lower credit indicators during the recovery could lead to more defaults. The recovery will not be completed until vaccination is widespread enough to allow people to move more comfortably, and the epidemic has not undermined the “Asian century”.

3. World Gold Council: gold fell 4% in September, mainly due to rising Treasury yields and the negative impact of futures positions and the strength of the dollar. The short-term performance of gold prices is expected to remain volatile, but a more optimistic economic outlook could be a drag on gold investment.

4.Indian mobile payment giant Paytm: will seek a valuation of around US$20 billion to US$22 billion. Negotiations are under way with the Abu Dhabi sovereign wealth fund, GIC, BlackRock and Nomura to select IPO anchor investors in India.

5.On the 7th local time, World Health Organization (WHO) Director General Tan Desai announced the launch of the global COVID-19 vaccination strategy, hoping to vaccinate 40 per cent of the world’s population against COVID-19 by the end of the year and COVID-19 for 70 per cent of the world’s population by the middle of next year. The strategy requires at least 11 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine, and now the global average monthly production of nearly 1.5 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine, if the vaccine can be fairly distributed, there will be enough vaccines to achieve this strategy. According to World Health Organization (WHO) ‘s statistics, by the end of September this year, the world had received more than 6 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine.

6.International Copper Research Organization: the global copper market is expected to have a shortage of 42000 tons this year and a surplus of 328000 tons in 2022. After growing by 2 per cent in 2020, global refined copper production is expected to grow by about 1.7 per cent in 2021 and 3.9 per cent in 2022.

7.Britain’s energy regulator: energy prices in the UK will rise “sharply” again next spring. Jonathan Brilli, chief executive, said the cap on energy prices per unit of energy suppliers had to be raised again because of the “unprecedented rise” in natural gas prices. Recently, natural gas prices in the UK have hit an all-time high due to energy shortages.

8.The Norwegian Nobel Committee has announced that the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize will be awarded to Maria Reza and Dmitry Muratov for “defending freedom of expression as a prerequisite for democracy and stable peace”. Muratov is not only the first Russian Nobel Prize winner in the past 11 years, but also the first Russian Nobel Peace Prize winner since Mikhail Gorbachev.

9.Tesla: by 2030, it will achieve annual sales of 20 million vehicles and more than 100000 employees worldwide. It will move its headquarters to Austin, Texas, and will continue to expand in California, making a decision on the location of the new plant in 2023. CEO Musk said he was confident he could maintain a delivery growth rate of at least 50 per cent and had to raise prices temporarily because of cost pressures in the supply chain, hoping that chip shortages “will ease soon”.

10.Recently, the relationship between energy supply and demand has been tense in many parts of the world, and some even show signs of local crisis. The current energy crisis also has distinct stage characteristics, which exposes the disorder in the process of energy conversion between old and new. Whether it is the first country or the latecomer of carbon reduction, it is still a long way from the goal of carbon neutralization. In a sense, the transformation between the new and the old is only the beginning. To sum up lessons from the problems exposed in time and formulate better policies will help to achieve the dual goals of energy stability and carbon reduction in the long run.

11.The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has announced a major breakthrough in global corporate tax reform, with a minimum tax rate of 15% for multinational corporations (MNEs) from 2023, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (MNEs) website. The landmark deal, reached by 136 countries and jurisdictions, redistributes more than US$125 billion of profits to countries around the world. ensure that taxes are fairly shared where large companies operate and where profits occur.

12.As of June 2021, the share of the American middle class in the country’s total wealth had fallen to 26.6%, the lowest level in the past 30 years. At the same time, the total wealth of the top 1% of the super-rich reached 27% of society as a whole, surpassing the entire middle class for the first time.

13.The head of Iran’s Atomic Energy Agency says Iran has accumulated more than 120 kilograms of enriched uranium with an abundance of 20%, far higher than the agreement reached with world powers in 2015.

14.The two main power stations in Lebanon have been shut down due to the depletion of fuel, causing the country to fall into a comprehensive blackout and may not be able to resume operation in a short period of time. Since 2019, Lebanon has been mired in a severe economic crisis, which has made it difficult to import fuel from abroad due to a lack of foreign exchange, further exacerbating the energy shortage. For a long time before the blackout, most people can only get two hours of electricity a day.

15.Russian Deputy Prime Minister: Russia plans to start year-round shipping through the North Sea route across the Arctic in 2022 or 2023. Russian officials hope to increase the volume of goods transported through the route to 80 million tons a year, nearly triple that of last year.

16.Half of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to David Card for his empirical contribution to labor economics, while the other half went to Joshua D.Angrist and Guido W.Imbens for their contribution to the methodology of causality analysis.

17.WMO: climate change will lead to a global water crisis, and international agencies and governments are not doing enough to prepare. By 2018, about 3.6 billion people had insufficient water consumption for at least one month each year, and the number is expected to exceed 5 billion by 2050.